がん化学療法に伴う有害反応の回避あるいは軽減を目的とした臨床薬学的研究の取り組みと臨床アウトカム

抄録

Commonly, striking a balance between the risks and benefits of cancer chemotherapy for malignant tumor is important. Avoiding or reducing cancer chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions can increase the benefits of chemotherapy. This increase maintains patients’ quality of life and prevents the discontinuation or dose reduction of cancer chemotherapy. Pharmacists can conduct clinical pharmacy researches aimed at avoiding or reducing cancer chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions and transfer clinical questions to research questions in clinical practice. This review focuses on cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) as well as venous pain. In recent years, there has been remarkable development in antiemetic treatment, which has resulted in abundant evidence on CINV prophylaxis and multiple national and international guidelines on antiemetic use. However, clinicians or researchers frequently overlook cancer chemotherapy-induced venous pain as it does not directly affect the treatment continuation of patients. Consequently, there is scarce evidence on countermeasures of venous pain with no supportive therapy such as antiemetics, antibiotics, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor formulations. Taken together, this review describes the clinical questions encountered by pharmacists on current issues of CINV and gemcitabine-induced venous pain, as well as outcomes driven from clinical pharmacy researches led by pharmacists because clinical questions translate to clinical pharmacy researches aimed at avoiding or reducing CINV, and gemcitabine-induced venous pain in a clinical setting.