Residual ethylene oxide gas on catheters was determined and the surface of catheters was examined with electron microscope. The amount of residual ethylene oxide varied depending on the preservation condition of catheters and increased with repeated sterilization. Among 4 types of commercially available catheters examined, the residual amount of ethylene oxide was found largest on Nelaton's catheter, followed by that on the stomach catheter, cardiac catheter and polytetrafluoroethylene tube. Electron microscopic observation showed that the surface of Nelaton's catheters was roughened with repeated ethylene oxide sterilization, suggesting that the residual amout of the gas corresponds to the roughness of the surface of the catheters.