紙巻きタバコ喫煙の気道への急性効果

抄録

The acute effects of smoking one cigarette on lung function was studied in 26 healthy young smokers. There were no significant changes in FVC, FEV_1.0, MMF, Vmax and thoracic gas volume at FRC. On the other hand, there were significant increases in airways resistance (p<0.01) and Visor (p<0.05), and a significant decrease in specific airway conductance (p<0.01). In addition, ΔV₂₅ showed a tendency to decrease after smoking a cigarette (0.05<p<0.10). The effect of smoking a cigarette was almost immediate and the mean duration of the effect on airway resistance was 20 minutes and on Visor 30 minutes. These results seem to suggest some differences between the defense mechanisms in the central and peripheral airways.
The effect of the amount of inspired cigarette smoke diluted (1:1.7) with air on the airways was studied in 7 smokers. After 10 inhalations of 60ml cigarette smoke, specific airway conductance was decreased in all subjects, but Visor was almost unchanged. Visor was increased in 4 of 7 subjects after 10 inhalations of 150ml cigarette smoke by which even the peripheral airways may have been exposed to cigarette smoke, and specific airway conductance was decreased to almost the same extent as after 10 inhalations of 60ml cigarette smoke. From the results obtained by this inhalation test of cigarette smoke, we infer that the increase in Visor after smoking a cigarette may reflect the impairment of peripheral airways.