新型車両停止装置（自動車用強制制動体）の構造検討および制動性能評価

抄録

The enforcement braking devices (EBD) aimed to prevent traffic accidents while installed at road construction sites with traffic-lane regulation, are currently subject of intense investigations. An employment of EBD mechanisms considerably increases protection of drivers, pedestrians and workers in any road construction sites. Thus, in order to improve the EBD’s reliability, and in a consequence, to enhance the collision safety, these authors recommend a thorough analysis of the device’s braking characteristics as well as subsequent optimization of its structure. In our earlier publications, we elaborate the optimized structure of the λ type EBD (referred here as the ‘current type’) for the shortening of the braking distance. However, the persisting problem of an unstable braking behavior of the current type EBD was not analyzed in a greater detail. In a consequence, the present paper targets the novel type of EBD, which has all the advantages of the ‘current type’ and improves revealed drawbacks. Thus, we advocate the device with vertical plate (mast), triangular-shaped block (arm) and base plate. A simple model collision tests and theoretical calculations based on the conservation energy and momentum principle are employed in our study. The experiments with the ‘current type’ and ‘novel type’ EBD were carried out for three different velocities of an automobile. Our results demonstrate the new kind of EBD is effective for braking and halting automobile. Moreover, the promoted device is capable of stabilizing braking behavior. It also allows certain downsizing of the device and its weight reduction.