果樹の萠芽並枝の伸長と養分の流動, 蓄積との關係
1942 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 15-23
詳細
1942 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 15-23
The object of the studies reported in the present paper is to obtain the immediate causal correlation of nitrogen and carbohydrate supply, stored in the previous season, with the opening of buds and the length growth of the shoots of fruit trees. (Pear, Peach, Persimmon)
(I) Nutritional gradients of the twig.
1. In the early spring, prior to the bud swelling, the stored nitrogen and carbohydrates change into the mobile form and translocate to the sprouting buds, the nutritional gradients being just in accord with the polarity of the branch (Table 1, 2, 3)
2. The bud opening of the branches, of those terminal parts are pruned away, is more or less delayed according to the severity of the pruning. In these cases, the nutritional gradients, compared with the unpruned branches, clearly indicate the delayed movement of nutrients. (Table, 1, 2, 3)
(II) Nutritional gradients of the current growth
1. The tip and the basal 10cm. portions of shoots, growth of the current season, are separately analysed. Samples are taken at the beginning of the spring growth (May 9th), at the maximum growth (May 30), and at the ending of the length growth (July, 7th), (Graph 1)
2. The basal portions of the shoots indicate the supply of the stored materials or the mineral nutrients from the older branches. While early growth is promoted with the abundant supply of the nutrients, the cessation of the length growth is caused by the decreased supply and on the other hand accompanied by the accumulation of the elaborated materials as polysaccharides. (Table 4)
3. The analysis of the terminal portion, indicating, on the one hand, the upward movement of the nitrogen, mineral nutrients and carbohydrates from the basal parts, reveals also the use and the accumulation of the materials as the length growth is in progress. The analysis of the basal portion indicates the food supply from the older branches, on the other hand. With march of the growth, the flow of he mineral nutrients and the use of materials decrease, and the reserve materials accumtulates as the surplus. (Table 4)
