Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science
Online ISSN : 1880-358X
Print ISSN : 0013-7626
ISSN-L : 0013-7626
Water Tolerance of Apple Trees as Affected by Different Rootstock-Scion Combinations
Chang Hoo LEEHino MOTOSUGIAkira SUGIURATakashi TOMANA
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1983 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 387-394

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Abstract

Water tolerance was compared among apple trees grafted on several rootstocks.
1. Pot-grown one-year-old ‘Fuji’ trees grafted on 6 different rootstocks were flooded for 21 days from July 14, 1981. Judging from the overall injury symptoms, trees on M9, MM106 and M7 were sensitive to flooding, while those on Malus prunifolia (weeping type), M11 and M27 were tolerant.
2. A similar flooding experiment was repeated in 1982 using one-year-old ‘Fuji’ trees on 9 different rootstocks (M4, M16 and M26 were added to the 6 rootstocks used in 1981) for a period of 30 days. After flooding treatment, the water was drained off and the recovery from injuries was observed for another 30 days. During flooding, trees on M9 and M4 showed the least tolerance and those on M. prunifolia and M16 showed the greatest. Trees on M. prunifolia and M16 recovered almost completely from flooding injury after water drainage and those on M 11, M7 and M27 did to a lesser extent. Trees on the other rootstocks exhibited no recovery, and especially those on M9 and M26 were totally killed within 1-2 weeks after drainage.
3. To investigate the effect of rootstock-scion interaction on water tolerance, factorial combinations were made between 5 scion cultivars (‘Fuji’, ‘Tsugaru’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Starking Delicious’ and ‘Jonathan’) and 5 rootstocks (M27, M9, M26, MM106 and M. prunifolia). The grafted trees were flooded for 30 days in the growing season of 1982. No significant interaction was observed between rootstockscion combinations. Amongs scion cultivers, ‘Jonathan’ exhibited the greatest tolerance regardless of rootstock cultivars, while ‘Starking Delicious’ generally showed the least tolerance. ‘Tsugaru’, ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ showed intermediate tolerance. On the other hand, among rootstock cultivars, M. prunifolia was most tolerant and M9 and M26 were least regardless of scion cultivars. Recovery after water drainage was prominent in all scion cultivars on M. prunifolia, whereas injury proceeded became intensified with all scion cultivars on M9 and M26.

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