Abstract
好酸球性多発血管炎性肉芽腫症(eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: EGPA)は,気管支喘息や鼻茸を伴う好酸球性鼻・副鼻腔炎,末梢血や病変組織における好酸球増多と病理学的に壊死性肉芽腫性血管炎を認める全身性血管炎である.血管炎症状として,発熱などの全身症状,多発性単神経炎,紫斑,虚血性腸炎による腹痛・下血などがある.EGPAはANCA関連疾患の1つであるが,MPO-ANCA陽性率は50%以下で,陽性例と陰性例で臨床的・遺伝学的特徴,病態も異なる.治療では,抗IL-5抗体のmepolizumabの有効性が証明され,日本でも保険適用となった.ANCA関連血管炎に対するACRガイドラインでは,non-severe EGPAにはmepolizumabが優先されるとある.本邦や,EULAR recommendationでは,mepolizumabは治療抵抗性のEGPAに適用されるが,将来は早期から併用する治療戦略が期待される.
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