Adverse drug reactions to Cephalexin, Minocycline, and Fosfomycin ―comparison with Cephalexin―

Abstract

We investigated the incidence of adverse reactions to Cephalexin, Minocycline and Fosfomycin in 437 dogs which were diagnosed with pyoderma at the TRVA Secondary Medical Center Dermatology Department and Dog and Cat Dermatology Department from November 2014 to October 2022. The incidence of adverse reactions was 8.5% (13/153) for Cephalexin, 21.0% (21/100) for Minocycline, and 16.3% (30/184) for Fosfomycin. The incidences of adverse reactions to Minocycline and Fosfomycin were higher than that of Cephalexin. There were also statistically significant differences in adverse reactions between Cephalexin and both Minocycline and Fosfomycin. The adverse reactions to Cephalexin were soft stool and diarrhea (53.8%), vomiting (46.2%), and anorexia (7.7%); the adverse reactions to Minocyclne were soft stool and diarrhea (33.3%), vomiting (66.7%), and anorexia (28.6%); and the adverse reactions to Fosfomycine were loose stools and diarrhea (86.7%), vomiting (26.7%), and anorexia (3.3%). In cases where follow-up was possible, the onset of adverse reactions was within a week in 75.0% of cases, and within 2 weeks for all cases. In 43.8% of cases, dosing was continued without treatment for adverse reactions; in 12.5% of cases, dosing was continued with treatment for adverse reactions; and in 43.8% of cases, adverse reactions improved after stopping the medication. None of the adverse reactions persisted after suspension of medication and none required symptomatic treatment. Age, breed, comorbidities and prescription drugs were not found to be involved in this study.