大学生スポーツ競技者用ストレッサー尺度の開発

―基本的属性及びストレス反応との関連性の検討―

抄録

The purpose of this study was to develop Physical and Socio-Psychological Stressors Scale for University Athletes (PSPSSUA) and to examine the relationship between Stressor variables of PSPSSUA and socio-demographic variables, stress response variables. The subjects of 390 university students (male=193, female=197 ; mean age=19.70, SD=1.18) were asked to answer a questionnaire that was composed of socio-demographic questions, 70 stressor question items that were acquired from our preliminary survey in June, 2010 and Stress Response Scale for High School Athletes (SRSHSA) that were made of 32 question items developed by Shibukura (1999). Step-wise exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analyses were conducted to develop the PSPSSUA. In order to examine the socio-demographic differences, t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to PSPSSUA and SRSHSA. Step-wise multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the correlation between PSPSSUA and SRSHSA. The results of Step-wise exploratory factor analyses identified a ten-factor model with 40 items (“Injuries & Illness,” “Competition Anxiety,” “Coaching Dissatisfaction,” “Training Period,” “Economic Conditions,” “Practice Program,” “Teammates' Expectations,” “Conflict among Teammates,” “Incompatible between Club Activities and Private Life,” “Skill Performance”) on PSPSSUA. Confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analyses confirmed that the scale had satisfactory fit indices of structural validities and Cronbach's alpha coefficient reliabilities. The results of t-test showed that the mean scores of “Competition Anxiety,” “Coaching Dissatisfaction,” “Training Period,” “Practice Program,” “Conflict among Teammates,” “Depressive-anxious feeling” were significantly different between male and female athletes. The result of one-way ANOVA found that sophomore athletes showed statistically higher scores than freshmen athletes on “Practice Program” and senior athletes showed statistically higher scores than freshmen athletes on “Conflict among Teammates.” The results of step-wise multiple regression analyses that were set PSPSSUA as independent variables and SRSHSA as dependent variables showed that the sub-scales of PSPSSUA were significantly associated with the sub-scales of SRSHSA. The relationship with the coping and resilience needs to be examined in future research on this scale to define effective intervention methods.