高校運動部員のレジリエンスがバーンアウトに及ぼす影響性の検討

抄録

This study aims to develop an Athletic Resilience Scale (ARS), Athletic Burnout Scale (ABS) and to examine the relationship between resilience variables of ARS and burnout variables of ABS for high school students who participate in athletic club activities. A total of 301 high school athletes (males = 196, females = 105 ; mean age = 16.06, SD = 0.66) participated in this study. They completed a questionnaire that included questions on socio-demographics, 40 resilience question items and 24 burnout question items. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to develop the ARS and ABS. Hierarchical cluster analysis and higher-order factor analysis were conducted to explore the model's structure. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between ARS and ABS. Exploratory factor analysis identified an eight-factor model with 24 items for the ARS, a six-factor model with 18 items for the ABS. Reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the two scales had acceptable Cronbach's α coefficient reliabilities and fit indices of structural validities. Higher-order factor analysis for the secondary model based on the result of hierarchical cluster analysis obtained indices that showed satisfactory fit indices. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated a significantly negative association between the ARS and ABS subscales. These results indicated that the ARS, ABS can reliably assess high school athletes' resilience, burnout, respectively. The results of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that resilience of high school athletes negatively influences burnout. Thus, increasing resilience is a possible solution for psychological maladjustment of high school athletes. This necessitates further research to examine the process of the influence of resilience on burnout in a longitudinal setting and develop resilience training for high school athletes.