マムルーク朝におけるウラマーの家系の隆盛

スブキー家の場合

抄録

This paper is written with the following aims: To show concretely how al-Subki family took opportunities to increase the prosperity of their family and how they kept this prosperity, and to consider what the limit of this prosperity was. I would like to take as a starting-point an examination of the actual conditions of ‘ulama’-society under the Mamluks.
The following summarize the main points made in this paper:
(1) The first step in the family's prosperity occurred when two members of the family took the post of qadi of Egypt, and one of the two took the post of mudarris in Cairo. The two were devoted to the education of their son, Tagiy al-Din (d. 756/1355). (2) After Taqiy al-Din received the post of qadi al-qudat of Syria, members of the family began to receive the many important posts in the fields of the judiciary and education, and they thus became rich. This was because of Taqiy al-Din's fame in jurisprudence, and because of the families' efforts to secure these posts, for example, through the use of bribery. (3) It is thought that one of the reasons behind the limitations on the family's prosperity in Cairo is that there was no room for them to establish a base of prosperity, and that, because of this, they tried to establish a base via forming relations with influential Syrian families through marriage. (4) However, a base couldn't be completely established in Syria. The reason may have been because the plague attacked many members of the family.
From an examination of the case of al-Subki family, we can get a picture of a part of the rigid ‘ulama’-society in that era. That is in that era a few families were already influential and it was difficult for families to expand their sphere of influence.