Dietary Effect of γ-Linolenic Acid on the Lipid Profile of Rat Fed Erucic Acid Rich Oil

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of γ-Linolenic acid (18:3n-6, GLA) on the lipid profile of serum and other tissues of rats fed erucic acid (C22:1) rich oil like mustard oil. The rats were fed diet containing 20% mustard oil as erucic acid rich oil and 20% groundnut oil as dietary fat. These groups were kept as reference groups. Another group fed diet containing 20% fat to which evening primrose oil as a source of GLA was blended with mustard oil and groundnut oil at 5% level. The feeding experiment was done for 4 weeks. In another set mustard oil fed group was kept as control while the experimental group was fed evening primrose oil as a source of GLA blended with mustard oil at 2.5% level. The feeding experiment was carried out for 12 weeks. The other dietary components remained same for all the groups. After the scheduled feeding period, it was found that there was no significant change in weight gain, food intake and food efficiency ratio. It was found that dietary GLA resulted in significant decrease in serum triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol and significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in serum in the experimental group. In liver total cholesterol (TC) is significantly higher and in heart and liver TG is significantly lower in GLA fed group.