Abstract
Several marine oils such as fin whale, turbot, saury pike, mackerel and cod oils were investigated in order to manufacture lower melting hydrogenated oil which will have high oxidation stability and good plastisity. Reactivity and selectivity of hydrogenation, oxidation stability of hydrogenated oil and performance of plastic fat were examined.
Experimental conditions were as follows ; catalyst : 2 wt% of Cu-Cr-Mn catalyst, temperature : 190200°C, pressure : 0.2 kg/cm2, agitation speed : 600700 rpm, reaction time : 4 hours.
1. Saturated fatty acids were not almost produced, but a small amount of or a trace of trienoic and polyenoic acids was still remained when the reaction ended. Trans acid contents in hydrogenated oils were about 18% except in hydrogenated turbot oil. The contents of trans acid increased rapidly when iodine value of oil decreased to around 100.
2. The lowest melting hydrogenated oil was turbot oil, while the highest melting one was mackerel oil which contained originally the most amount of saturated fatty acids and polyenoic acids.
3. A trace of catalyst was confirmed after filtration of hydrogenated oil. Cr and Mn were not almost detected, but Cu was found below 1 ppm by atomic absorption method in the oil which was bleached with active clay after washing with phosphoric acid and alkaline water.
4. The oxidation stability of selective hydrogenated oil with Cu-Cr-Mn catalyst was inferior than with nickel catalyst.
