A VARIETY OF IDEAS FOR FUTURE URBAN DEVELOPMENT WHICH INTEND TO PROMOTE MULTI-LEVEL SPACE USE HAVE APPEARED TO MEET THE POSSIBLE FURTHER CONCENTRATION OF POPULATION AND ACTIVITIES IN URBAN AREA. EXCESSIVE MULTI-LEVELING, HOWEVER, RESULTS IN INCREASE OF VERTICAL MOVEMENT WHICH REQUIRES MORE TIME/ENERGY PER UNIT DISTANCE THAN HORIZONTAL. THIS PAPER DEALS WITH AN OPTIMAL THREE-DIMENSIONAL URBAN FORM MINIMIZING NECESSARY TIME/ENERGY FOR TRANSPORTATION (I.E. MAXIMIZING COMPACTNESS) USING A 3D URBAN FORM MODEL. IT IS FOUND THAT THE ASSUMPTION OF MOVEMENT VIA GROUND LEVEL MAKES OPTIMAL FORM DISPERSAL, WHEREAS THE ASSUMPTION OF DIRECT CONNECTION AT EACH LEVEL, WHICH COULD BE REALIZED RATHER BY UNDERGROUND SPACE UTILIZATION, MAKES IT COMPACT.
