Study on The Application of Strain Softening Model to Predict The Surface Settlement

Abstract

Deformational mechanism of an urban NATM tunnel at shallow depth is often characterized by a set of unique kinematic movements in subsidence profile and crown settlement, etc. This paper proposes an improved computational scheme by which characteristic deformation behavior of a shallow tunnel is properly modeled. The new computational procedure, incorporating strain-induced anisotropy and strain softening, was applied to simulate a real shallow tunnel's settlement gradient. The results obtain showed that the new computational scheme could represent the settlement gradient and shear bands developing from tunnel shoulder.