日本のバスケットボール競技におけるオフボールスクリーンの採用過程に関する研究

抄録

The goal of the research was to investigate intercollegiate relationships as it related to basketball competition and the tactics used in Japan during the 1920s, which was just prior to the use of the off-ball screen, and then clarify the process leading to the incorporation of the off-ball screen.

The study results can be summarized as follows.

The mainstream of basket ball in Japan moved from the YMCA to such universities as Rikkyo University, Waseda University and Tokyo University of Commerce since 1923 and a tactics bargaining went on among those three universities. Around that time in Japan, a 3-2 zone defense was the main defense tactics but a man-to-man defense was used when there was a throw-in on the backcourt by an opposing team. On the other hand, in consideration of fewer total points scored by the offense in one game, an out-of-bounds play on the frontcourt for the offense had a high success rate for shooting because of the close vicinity of the goal. This was considered an important offense in spite of only having five or six scoring chances in a game. However, before the introduction of off-ball screen to Japan, the out-of-bounds play was simple, and it did not function effectively. In the meantime, ‘THE SCIENCE OF BASKETBALL’ written by Walter E. Meanwell, a coach at the University of Wisconsin in the United States was publication. Referring to an off-ball screen depicted in this book, Waseda University out of three universities engaging in strategic bargaining employed the off-ball screen at an out-of-bounds play.