レスリング競技の改正ルールにおける急速減量レベルの違いが身体能力に及ぼす影響

抄録

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of rapid weight loss on physical capacity in regards to the Japanese revised rule for wrestling competitions. METHODS: The subjects were seven collegiate wrestlers. The period of weight loss was set to 7 days. All measurements were made before weight loss (pre), after weight loss (post 1) and 24 hours after weight loss (post 2) at 5% and 10% of weight loss according to the revised rule. Measurement items were body composition (body weight, body fat mass, lean body mass and body water content) and basic physical strength (grip strength, back strength, standing broad jump, side step, rope climbing, maximum pedaling for 30 seconds, 1500 m running). RESULTS: In the basic physical strength, the post 1 was significantly higher than pre in the standing broad jump at 5% weight loss, and post 1 was significantly lower than pre and post 2 in rope climbing, There were no significant differences between grip strength, back strength, side step. For these items there was no significant difference between pre and post values at 10% weight loss. In regards to the 30 second maximum pedaling, there was no significant differences in pre weight loss measurement for post 1, and post 2 at 5% weight loss, however at 10% weight loss, there were significantly lower values at post 1 and post 2, compared to the pre measurement. In the 1500 m running endurance performance, post 1 and post 2 were significantly lower compared to the pre value at both 5% and 10% weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of above, rapid weight loss of the wrestler following the the revised rule led to a decline in ability to maintain pre-weight loss basic physical strength for 30 second pedaling and endurance performance. This influence is even greater at 10% weight loss, suggesting the possibility of adverse effect on competition performance if the revised rule for weight loss for wrestling competition was followed.