小学生のバスケットボールにおけるショット場面の3人制と5人制の違い：ショット前の動き、ショットの方法、位置に着目して

抄録

The 3x3 basketball game is a relatively new sport with scarce information. This study aimed to differentiate the shooting situations of the 3x3 and 5-on-5 basketball games in elementary school and clarify the characteristics of the 3x3 game regarding the movement before the shot, shooting method and position. The merits of using the 3x3 game as a training tool for the 5-on-5 game and the points to keep in mind at that time were also examined.

The participants were 20 healthy male elementary school students (age: 11.2±0.6 years, height: 146.5±7.6 cm, weight: 35.9±5.8 kg, competition history: 3.4±1.3 years) who belonged to mini-basketball clubs and practiced five days in a week. In the 3x3 basketball games, eight 6-minute games were played with rest periods in between. On the other hand, five 6-minute games were played in the 5-on-5 basketball games, also with rest periods in between.

The results of this study were as follows: the 3x3 basketball game was characterized by more shots from outside the paint area in the “1-on-1” and “outside-catch-shot” scenarios. In the movement before the shot, there were many “outside play,” “ball clearing, check ball, ball carrying,” and “dribble drift” in the 3x3 games.

The 3x3 basketball game may be a good training tool for children in Japan in the developing age groups who play the game, owing to its demand for 1-on-1 play and outside shot development. However, with the current rules of the game, the possibility of a single player monopolizing the ball cannot be ruled out; therefore, some modifications to the rules are necessary.