Oxidative Dehydrogenation of But-1-ene to Buta-1,3-diene with V–Mg Complex Oxide Catalysts

Abstract

It is well known that V–Mg based complex oxide catalysts show a high activity for the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene (1-C₄H₈) to buta-1,3-diene (BD). In this study, in order to improve the catalytic performance of V–Mg based complex oxides, we tried to add metal oxide such as Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, and Co₂O₃ and carried out the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of 1-C₄H₈ without and with molecular O₂ at 480 °C. The addition of Co₂O₃ to the V–Mg complex oxides resulted in the highest BD yield of 22.5 % with only lattice oxygen of the catalyst. For continuous production of BD, the ODH under O₂ flow was also investigated. The V–Mg–Co catalyst exhibited higher 1-C₄H₈ conversion (28.5 %) and BD yield (17.5 %) than those of the V–Mg catalyst, and it was indicated that the high reactivity of the lattice oxygen affected the ODH under O₂ flow according to the pulse reaction of 1-C₄H₈ and ¹⁸O₂.