アルカリ土金属の蓚酸塩の晶癖とその植物学的意義

抄録

In the present investigation, the effects of various ions on the crystal habits of oxalates of alkaline earth metals were observed.
(1) The standard form of the calcium oxalate has a ratio or 1:2:3 of three axial lengths.
(2) The effect of pH is not so strong, if the variation range of pH is small.
(3) Disturbing effect of NO₃^-, Cl^-, SO₄^-- and OH^- increases according to this order and complex effect of NO₃^- and SO₄^-- is remarkable.
(4) Disturbing effects of positive ions is generally stronger than that of negative ions. Effects of Cu⁺⁺, Fe⁺⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Mg⁺⁺, NH₄⁺ were observed. Especially in the cases of Mg⁺⁺ and NH₄⁺, action of transforming things into needle-like shape “raphide” is observed and compared with the form in the plant cells.
(5) Existence and non-existence of NH₄⁺ in the various cells were checked and the above experiments could be positively examine, in this case, and the related experiments were done for this reason. As the results of above considerations, one may conclude _ for the first time that one and the chief reason for “raphide” formation, formerly considered as an attribute of the Monocotyledoneae is due to the existence of NH₄⁺.