無形のオリンピック・レガシーとしてのオリンピックの精神文化

抄録

Olympic legacy study became popular in recent years, especially towards the 2012 London Olympic Games. One of the reasons was that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) required the Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGs) to submit the Olympic Games Global Impact (OGGI, later OGI) study from the 2008 Beijing Games. The OGGI/OGI program was created aiming for generating many positive effects (i.e. ‘legacy’) in three aspects, that is, economic, environment and socio-cultural areas, by hosting the Olympic Games. Host cities must collect the data for these three aspects required by the OGI and submit four reports in twelve years.
It is difficult to categorize Olympic legacies precisely; however, there are two types of legacies: tangible and intangible. In the OGI study, intangible legacies should belong to the socio-cultural area in most cases. Nevertheless, the socio-cultural indicators do not refer to understanding the Olympism, three pillars of the Olympism (i.e. sport, culture and environment), the Olympic values (i.e. excellence, friendship and respect) and Olympic Movement. It is clear that such intangible legacies are important even though they cannot be measured in numerical terms.
In order to reconstruct intangible legacies of the Olympic Games, it is necessary to incorporate positive mind aspect such as dream, hope, vigorousness, solidarity, cohesion, identity and national identity through sports. In addition, it would be important to focus on the behavioral culture aspect by promoting the peace movement and understanding philosophy of peace and social values such as equality, fairness, justice, and human rights.