Correlations between vitamin D insufficiency and antipsychotic-induced metabolic anomalies in schizophrenic patients

抄録

Background. The metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in schizophrenic patients with antipsychotic treatment. Additionally, patients with psychotic disorders are prone to have deficient or insufficient vitamin D status and are likely to have co-prevalent metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with schizophrenia, but there is the less focus on the relationship between metabolic anomalies and serum levels of vitamin D in atypical antipsychotic-treated schizophrenic patients. Therefore in this study, we evaluated the serum levels of vitamin D in atypical anti psychotic treatment groups of schizophrenia. Results. Serum levels of vitamin D and metabolic anomaly parameter were determined in 17 patients with schizophrenia, all of which were stable and treated with mono-atypical anti psychotics for more than 2 years. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as serum vitamin D levels below 30 ng/ml (equivalent to less than 50 nmol/L). The mean Vitamin D serum level was 22.3 (SD. 8.2) (range 6.62-36.89) ng/ml and 82.4% had vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. Regardless of age and gender, serum vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and insulin, which were linked to the presence of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions. In this study, we have found a prevalence of vitamin deficiency/insufficiency in 82.4% of patients with schizophrenia that treated with the mono-atypical antipsychotics for more than 2 years. Moreover, lower vitamin D levels are associated with increased metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Further research is needed for developing preventative measures that can protect against these side effects of atypical anti psychotics and defining appropriate protocols for vitamin D supplementation to improve metabolic anomalies and cardiovascular disease.