Background and aim：In our hospital, we initiated an physical therapy exercise program during dialysis to maintain gait function and exercise tolerance in hemodialysis outpatients. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of this exercise program. Methods：Eight men and women (mean age: 68±8.9 years, range 50-82) functionally independent with regard to gait and activities of daily living engaged in an aerobic exercise program for 30 minutes once daily, 3 times a week for 5 months during dialysis. Before and after each exercise period, the anaerobic threshold value (AT), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), and 10-m fast walking time (10MFWT) were measured. In addition, knee extension muscle strength (KEMS), 5 times sit to stand test (TST-5), grip strength, fat-free mass index, and body mass index were measured, and self-reported exercise habits were recorded. Results：There were no significant difference in walking function or exercise tolerance before and after implementing the exercise program. In men, the TST-5 became shorter, and the 6MWD became longer after the exercise program. In women, the 10MFWT was significant reduced. KEMS correlated with gait function in all subjects. Conclusion：Aerobic exercise during dialysis maintained walking function and exercise tolerance over 5 months. Daily exercise activities may also maintain leg muscle strength and walking function.
