Regular exercise ball training reduces arterial stiffness in sedentary middle-aged males

Abstract

[Purpose] Reports suggest that static stretching, which improves body flexibility, could reduce arterial stiffness. Regular training using an exercise ball would increase flexibility in a different manner, compared to that from static stretching; however, it remains unclear whether such exercise can reduce arterial stiffness. This study aimed to clarify the effect of exercise ball training on arterial stiffness in sedentary middle-aged participants. [Participants and Methods] Fifteen healthy middle-aged males (age, 52 ± 12 years) were divided into a control group (n=7, CON) and an intervention group (n=8, INT). The CON group did not alter physical activity levels throughout the study period, while the INT group participated in supervised training sessions using an exercise ball for 20–30 min, 5 days/week, for a duration of 4 weeks. [Results] Exercise ball training significantly increased the sit-and-reach test score (CON, −3.8 ± 11.1% vs. INT, 33.8 ± 47.5%) and reduced cardio-ankle vascular index (CON, −0.8 ± 4.1% vs. INT, −5.7 ± 4.1%) and heart-ankle pulse wave velocity (CON, 1.6 ± 4.5% vs. INT, −4.2 ± 4.6%), as an index of arterial stiffness. [Conclusion] Four weeks of supervised training using an exercise ball as well as regular static stretching would increase body flexibility and reduce systemic arterial stiffness among sedentary middle-aged males.