Abstract
Needle dislodgement was the most frequent serious incident during hemodialysis in 2021, yet clinically useful detection systems remain unavailable. Based on interviews with former healthcare professionals regarding the conditions required for a clinically useful system, blood leakage sensors were considered suitable but often generated false alarms in response to non-blood fluids. We propose a method using a sensor exploiting blood–skin optical reflectance differences and conducted experimental verification to evaluate its effectiveness. The results suggest that the proposed detection principle could be effective in clinical settings.
