Quantification of the Vision of Net Zero Carbon Dioxide Emissions in 2050 for Kyoto City

Abstract

 In the Paris Agreement adopted in 2015, it is agreed that efforts should be made to keep the global average temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial levels, and to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. To achieve climate mitigation in line with the Paris Agreement, net zero emissions need to be achieved in mid century. Moreover, Kyoto City aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net zero in total by 2050. In this study, we quantified how carbon dioxide emissions in 2050 can be net zero in Kyoto city. As a result, it was shown that energy demand must be reduced by energy saving and all remaining energy demand in residential, commercial and transport sector must be derived from renewable energy source in order to keep carbon dioxide emissions below carbon absorption in Kyoto City. In addition, it is required that 70% of energy demand in the primary industry and 30% of energy demand in the secondary industry is derived from renewable energy source.