心理的適応に対する楽観性あるいは悲観性とソーシャルサポートの関係

─ 媒介モデルの検討 ─

抄録

　Of numerous factors which are known to have some influences on psychological adjustment, optimism/pessimism as personality traits and social support as a facet of social relationships have received considerable attention. However, we do not know enough about how optimism/pessimism and social support influence psychological adjustment. Accordingly, the present study assessed the role of optimism/pessimism and social support as predictors of psychological adjustment (subjective well-being and depressive symptoms) by path analyses. 　Data was collected from a sample of 140 college students (mean age 20.7 yr.), 21 women and 119 men. The Japanese version of the following scales were administered to the subjects: the Revised Life Orientation Test, the Social Support Questionnaire Short-Form, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the depressive symptoms subscale of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. 　Results of the path analyses examining a model of social support as a mediator of the link between optimism/pessimism and psychological adjustment mostly supported both direct effects and indirect effects of optimism/pessimism on subjective well-being and depressive symptoms. It was found that optimism/pessimism had direct effects on subjective well-being and depression. Additionally, optimism/pessimism also influenced social support, which in turn had effects on subjective well-being and depressive symptoms; however, it was not found that social support mediated relationship between pessimism and subjective well-being. Lastly, implications of the present findings and some potential limitations were discussed.