わが国の高校生における飲酒の実態と喫煙，薬物乱用との関連性― 飲酒の経験頻度および飲酒の機会について ―

抄録

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of drinking among high school students in Japan and to investigate the causal relation of drinking of alcoholic beverages to smoking and illicit drug use. We surveyed also the occasions and situations of drinking. This analysis was based on nationally representative sample (n=44,629) among Japanese high school students surveyed by self-reported questionnaire in 2004. 　The main findings were as follows: 1) The life time prevalence rates of drinking were 76.6% among male students and 74.2% among female students, respectively. The annual prevalence rates of drinking were 64.2% among males and 61.2% among females. There observed no significant gender difference among the rates. The prevalence rate decreased gradually according to frequency of drinking. The prevalence rate of heavy drinking (weekly and daily drinking) was significantly higher in males (5.0%) than in females (2.9%). 2) To considerable degree, the prevalence rate of drinking paralleled the prevalence rate of smoking. The students with highly frequent drinking habit had also a habit of heavy smoking. The life time prevalence rate of illicit drug use was increased according to the frequency of drinking. “Drink alcoholic beverages one or more times in a month” was considered as the key step to try illicit drug use. 3) About half of the life time drinkers experienced drinking at “ceremony occasion”, or at “home with family”. Forty percent of those did at “ritual parties among friends” or at friend’s room “with peers”, and twenty percent did at “tavern” or at “being alone”. The levels of risk to heavy drinking (weekly and daily) were higher in the order of at “being alone”, at “tavern” and at ”home with family”. The odds ratios to the students with no drinking experience were over than 2.00. The risk to heavy drinking was relatively low in the group with experience of drinking at “ceremony occasion” or at “ritual parties among friends”. 4) The risk to heavy smoking was higher in the group of students who had the experience of drinking at “being alone”, at “tavern”, or at friend’s room “with peers”. The prevalence rate of heavy smoking was from three to fifth fold high in those students compared with the students who had not experienced drinking at such occasions. The life time prevalence rate of illicit drug use was the highest in the group of students who had the experience of drinking at “being alone”, followed by at “tavern”. 　The results of this study suggest that the preventive interventions of drinking among high school students need to focus on repeating experiences of drinking and to curb opportunities for them to obtain alcohol.