抄録
Because pesticides are chemical compounds with physiological activity, differences in species sensitivities to them are extremely large compared with those in species sensitivities to industrial chemicals, and the prediction of ecotoxicities from chemical structures is difficult. Here, to investigate the relationship between the ecotoxicities and mode of action toward providing useful information for pesticide safety research, 112 active ingredients of insecticides and acaricides were analyzed following parameters for each mode of action: [1] differences in sensitivities of aquatic organisms, [2] correlations among test species’ sensitivities, [3] acute-chronic ratio（ACR: EC50 for acute immobilization test / NOEC for reproduction test）in daphnids, [4] correlations of log Pow and toxicity on fish and daphnids, and [5] correlation of bioconcentration factor（BCF） and ACR（LC50 for acute toxicity test / NOEC for long-term toxicity test）in fish.
Our results demonstrated e.g., high sensitivities of arthropods, correlation of sensitivities between some taxonomic groups, and larger daphnid ACRs observed for insect growth regulators. However, for most ecotoxicological data analyzed, particularly for long-term toxicity data, clear trends or relationships were not obtained. These analytical results can be expected to facilitate pesticide safety research, particularly prioritization of various ecotoxicological studies, and to set nominal concentrations for such studies.
