We herein describe a case of cystic adenomyoma that was treated by transcervical resection. A 29-year-old female with hypermenorrhea presented with an intrauterine cyst measuring 4 cm in diameter on transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Hysteroscopy showed the patient to have either a submucosal myoma or an endometrial polyp with a slightly hard surface. Transcervical resection was performed to remove the cyst, which was filled with chocolate-colored blood. The operative findings and a histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of cystic adenomyoma of the uterus. At 7 months after undergoing resection, she became pregnant without using any reproduction therapy. To maintain the patient's fertility, transcervical resection may be a minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of cystic adenomyoma.
