カンキツの組織培養苗の環境保全への適用 (第1報)
スンタラ (Citrus reticulata BLANCO) の試験管内大量迅速育苗と生産コストシミュレーションによる生産方式の改善方向の推定
1998 年 10 巻 1 号 p. 34-40
詳細
1998 年 10 巻 1 号 p. 34-40
The idea, reforestation of Citrus species in mountainous regions is useful both in providing job opportunities to rural people and in environmental conservation. In vitro plants may meet the demand of desired saplings. However micropropagation of Citrus species has not been well established, although plantlet regeneration from disorganized systems has been reported. Micropropagation of suntara orange (Citrus reticulata BLANCO) from Nepal was attempted and improvement of the procedure was estimated by cost simulation.
Micropropagation of suntara orange was established by induction of multiple shoots from seeds born from the same tree, successive shoot multiplication, and rooting from excised single shoots. Sixty percent of the seeds germinated in modified Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 1.5g/l Gellun gum, 10μM benzylamino purine and 30g/l sucrose. Multiple shoots were induced from 60% of seedlings and the average number of shoots per seedling was about 3.4. When shoots 10-15 mm in length were cultured in the medium containing 1μMBAP, 1μM IBA, 30 g/l sucrose and 1.5 g/l Gellun gum for 63 days, the average size of the shoots increased 8.9 times. It was calculated that about 1, 800, 000 can be obtained from one single shoot per year. When shoots 10-15mm in length were cultured in the medium containing 5μM IBA for 21 days, 93% of the shoots rooted. The regenerated plants from 5 mm to 20 mm in height were acclimatized for 30 days and 89% of the plants survived on potted soil. It is suggested that instead of meristem culture, virus free plantlets can be propagated by culturing vegetative embryos from citrus seeds, multi-embryonic seeds.
Production cost per in vitro plantlet at 10, 000 plantlet production level was calculated to be 165 yen. The improvement of production procedure was attempted by cost simulation and the results showed that production cost would be reduced to 116 yen.
The present results indicate that propagation of plant species by plant tissue culture has a great potential in environmental conservation. The usefulness of cost simulation in the improvement of micropropagation procedure and related subjects are also discussed.
