特集：高圧力科学技術の未来を拓く新発見・新技術
至適圧力120 MPaの新規深海微生物
キーワード:
Colwellia marinimaniae,
Mariana Trench,
DEEPSEA CHALLENGE,
120 MPa,
James Cameron,
hyper piezophile
2019 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 4-8
詳細
2019 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 4-8
Colwellia marinimaniae MTCD1T (ATCC TSD-5T=JCM 30270T) has been isolated from deep-sea amphipod within the Challenger deep, Mariana trench during DEEPSEA CHALLENGE expedition. This strain grows under extremely high hydrostatic pressures, with a growth range of 80-140 MPa (Optimum, 120 MPa) at 6℃. Piezophiles generally contain unsaturated fatty acids in their biomembrane to keep membrane fluidity under high pressure and low temperature. Unsaturated fatty acid composition of strain MTCD1 shows 75.8%, this value is remarkablly higher than other piezophiles. Moreover, strain MTCD1 contains 16% of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in their lipid membrane. PUFA gives moderate fluidity on this living microorganisms membrane to adapt to the deepest sea environment.
