Neutron Scattering Study of Dynamics in Glassy State;Recent Topics

Itaru TSUKUSHI; Toshiji KANAYA

doi:10.4131/jshpreview.9.126

中性子散乱からみたガラス状態のダイナミクス

筑紫格, 金谷利治

著者情報

ジャーナルフリー

1999 年 9 巻 2 号 p. 126-133

DOI https://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.9.126

詳細

発行日: 1999/05/20 受付日: 1999/02/12 J-STAGE公開日: 2009/08/07 受理日: - 早期公開日: - 改訂日: -
訂正情報
訂正日: 2009/08/07 訂正理由: - 訂正箇所: 引用文献情報訂正内容: Wrong : [1] Proceedings of Yukawa International Seminar 1996 (YKIS '96), ed. by T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari, J. Matsui, Kyoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126 (1997).
[2] Proceedings of the Third International Discussion Meeting on Relaxations in complex systems, ed. by K. L. Ngai, E. Riande, M. D. Ingram, Vigo, Spain, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 235/237 (1998).
[3] T. Kanaya, K. Kaji, S. Ikeda, K. Inoue: Chem. Phys. Lett. , 150, 334-338 (1988), "Low-energy excitations in polyethylene: comparison between amorphous and crystalline phases".
[4] R. Mukhopadhyay, A. Alegria, J. Colmenero, B. Frick, Macromolecules, 31, 3985-3993 (1998), "Methyl group dynamics in poly (vinyl acetate) : a neutron scattering study".
[5] J. E. Tucker, W. Reese: J. Chem. Phys, 46, 1388- 1397 (1967), "Heat capacity of polyethylene from 2. 5 to 30 K".
[6] O. Yamamuro, I. Tsukushi, T. Matsuo, K. Takeda, T. Kanaya, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 106, 2997-3002 (1997), "Inelastic neutron scattering study of low-energy excitations in vapor-deposited glassy propylene".
[7] M. A. Ramos, S. Vieira, F. J. Bermejo, J. Dawidowski, H. E. Fischer, H. Schober, M. A. Gonzalez, C. K. Loong, D. L. Price: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 82-85 (1997), "Quantitative assessment of the effects of orientational and positional disorder on glassy dynamics".
[8] F. J. Bermejo, J. Alonso, A. Criado, F. J. Mompeàn, J. L. Martìnez, M. Garcìa-Hernàndez, A. Chahid: Phys. Rev. B 46, 6173-6186 (1992), "Low-frequency excitations in a molecular glass: Single-particle dynamics".
[9] F. J. Bermejo, A. Criado, J. L. Martìnez: Phys. Lett. A 195, 236-244 (1994), "On the microscopic origin of the "boson" peak in glassy materials".
[10] T. Kanaya, T. Kawaguchi, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 98, 8262-8270 (1993), "Low-energy excitation and fast motion near T_g in amorphous cis-l, 4-polybutadiene".
[11] D. Richter, R. Zorn, B. Frick, B. Farago, L. J. Fetters: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 68, 71-74 (1992), "Decoupling of time scales of motion in polybutadiene close to the glass transition".
[12] E. Rössler, A. P. Sokolov, P. Eiermann, U. Warschewske: Physica, A201, 237-256 (1993), "Dynamical phase transition in simple supercooled liquids and polymers-an NMR approach".
[13] M. Oguni: J. Non-CrysL Solids, 210, 171-177 (1997), "‘Intra-cluster rearrangement’ model for the α-process in supercooled liquids, as opposed to ‘cooperative rearrangement of whole molecules within a cluster’".
[14] T. Kanaya, R. Zorn, I. Tsukushi, M. Murakami, K. Kaji, D. Richter: J. Chem. Phys, 109, 10456-10463 (1998), "Orientational effects on low-energy modes in amorphous poly (ethylene terephthalate) fiber".
[15] J. Colmenero, A. Arbe: Phys. Rev. B 57, 13508-13513 (1998), "Carbon-carbon torsional barriers driving the fast dynamics in glass-forming polymers".
[16] A. Tölle, H. Schober, J. Wuttke, O. G. Randl, F. Fujara: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 80, 2374-2377 (1998), "Fast relaxation in a fragile liquid under pressure".
[17] C. A. Angell : J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 49, 863-871 (1988), "Perspective on the glass transition".
[18] T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari: Phys. Rev. A43, 1103-1106 (1991) "Gaussian-to-non-Gaussian transition in supercooled fluids".
[19] T. Kanaya, I. Tsukushi, K. Kaji: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 133-140 (1997), "Non-Gaussian parpameter and heterogeneity of amorphous polymers".
[20] Y. Hiwatari: J. Chem. Phys. , 76, 5502-5507 (1982), "Free volumes and liquidlike clusters in soft-core dense liquids and glasses".
[21] V. Novikov, E. Rössler, V. Malinovsky: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 387-391 (1997), "Fragility as a measure of dynamic inhomogeneity of glass formers".

Right : [1] Proceedings of Yukawa International Seminar 1996 (YKIS '96), ed. by T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari, J. Matsui, Kyoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126 (1997).
[2] Proceedings of the Third International Discussion Meeting on Relaxations in complex systems, ed. by K. L. Ngai, E. Riande, M. D. Ingram, Vigo, Spain, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 235/237 (1998).
[3] T. Kanaya, K. Kaji, S. Ikeda, K. Inoue: Chem. Phys. Lett. , 150, 334-338 (1988), "Low-energy excitations in polyethylene: comparison between amorphous and crystalline phases".
[4] R. Mukhopadhyay, A. Alegria, J. Colmenero, B. Frick, Macromolecules, 31, 3985-3993 (1998), "Methyl group dynamics in poly (vinyl acetate) : a neutron scattering study".
[5] J. E. Tucker, W. Reese: J. Chem. Phys, 46, 1388- 1397 (1967), "Heat capacity of polyethylene from 2. 5 to 30 K".
[6] O. Yamamuro, I. Tsukushi, T. Matsuo, K. Takeda, T. Kanaya, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 106, 2997-3002 (1997), "Inelastic neutron scattering study of low-energy excitations in vapor-deposited glassy propylene".
[7] M. A. Ramos, S. Vieira, F. J. Bermejo, J. Dawidowski, H. E. Fischer, H. Schober, M. A. Gonzalez, C. K. Loong, D. L. Price: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 82-85 (1997), "Quantitative assessment of the effects of orientational and positional disorder on glassy dynamics".
[8] F. J. Bermejo, J. Alonso, A. Criado, F. J. Mompeàn, J. L. Martìnez, M. Garcìa-Hernàndez, A. Chahid: Phys. Rev. B 46, 6173-6186 (1992), "Low-frequency excitations in a molecular glass: Single-particle dynamics".
[9] F. J. Bermejo, A. Criado, J. L. Martìnez: Phys. Lett. A 195, 236-244 (1994), "On the microscopic origin of the "boson" peak in glassy materials".
[10] T. Kanaya, T. Kawaguchi, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 98, 8262-8270 (1993), "Low-energy excitation and fast motion near T_g in amorphous cis-l, 4-polybutadiene".
[11] D. Richter, R. Zorn, B. Frick, B. Farago, L. J. Fetters: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 68, 71-74 (1992), "Decoupling of time scales of motion in polybutadiene close to the glass transition".
[12] E. Rössler, A. P. Sokolov, P. Eiermann, U. Warschewske: Physica, A201, 237-256 (1993), "Dynamical phase transition in simple supercooled liquids and polymers-an NMR approach".
[13] M. Oguni: J. Non-CrysL Solids, 210, 171-177 (1997), "‘Intra-cluster rearrangement’ model for the α-process in supercooled liquids, as opposed to ‘cooperative rearrangement of whole molecules within a cluster’".
[14] T. Kanaya, R. Zorn, I. Tsukushi, M. Murakami, K. Kaji, D. Richter: J. Chem. Phys, 109, 10456-10463 (1998), "Orientational effects on low-energy modes in amorphous poly (ethylene terephthalate) fiber".
[15] J. Colmenero, A. Arbe: Phys. Rev. B 57, 13508-13513 (1998), "Carbon-carbon torsional barriers driving the fast dynamics in glass-forming polymers".
[16] A. Tölle, H. Schober, J. Wuttke, O. G. Randl, F. Fujara: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 80, 2374-2377 (1998), "Fast relaxation in a fragile liquid under pressure".
[17] C. A. Angell : J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 49, 863-871 (1988), "Perspective on the glass transition".
[18] T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari: Phys. Rev. A43, 1103-1106 (1991) "Gaussian-to-non-Gaussian transition in supercooled fluids".
[19] T. Kanaya, I. Tsukushi, K. Kaji: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 133-140 (1997), "Non-Gaussian parpameter and heterogeneity of amorphous polymers".
[20] Y. Hiwatari: J. Chem. Phys. , 76, 5502-5507 (1982), "Free volumes and liquidlike clusters in soft-core dense liquids and glasses".
[21] V. Novikov, E. Rössler, V. Malinovsky: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 387-391 (1997), "Fragility as a measure of dynamic inhomogeneity of glass formers".

抄録

We review some recent developments in glassy dynamics research using neutron scattering. We focus on the following three topics: (i) low-energy excitation, (ii) fast process, (iii) dynamic heterogeneity in glassy state. In the fast and second topics, we show that recent research on glassy materials with various degrees of disorder provide useful information about the microscopic origin of low-energy excitation and fast β process. In the third topic, a non-Gaussian parameter is introduced to evaluate dynamic heterogeneity of glassy materials through mean square displacement, and a correlation between the non-Gaussian parameter and fragility index is pointed out. Distribution functions of the mean square displacement are evaluated on the basis of Gaussian, log-Gaussian and bimodal distributions.

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