節点水頭を未知数とする管配水組織の水理計算法とその応用

カンガイにおける管配水組織の合理的設計に関する基礎的研究 (I)

抄録

This paper is composed of three parts, the first one is a hydraulic head calculation method for a pipe-line water distribution system, the second and the third are the examples of its applications.
In the first part, the equations expressing hydraulic characteristics of a pipe-line water distribution system are rearranged and the calculation method of hydraulic head suited to approach for an opptimum water distribution system is deduced. Its comvergence in iteration process is improved by combining the two linearizing methods. Then it is pointed out here that the coefficient matrix or its inversed one in this method of calculation are very useful to evaluate the system's characteristics.
In the second, some quantitatative evaluation methods of hydraulic head response to the outflow rate fluctuation at nodes, is deduced from the above mentioned calculation method, and it is verified with these evaluation methods that a net-type system generally has more absorption capacity of head fluctuation than a tree-type or a comb-type system.
Lastly, it is explained that the energy for water distribution is analyzed into three components; friction loss, caused by the water distribution system only, potential energy of water, caused by the topographical undulation of the object region and pressure regulation loss, caused by both the distribution system and the topographical character. The methods to determine the injection rate assignment to minimize total friction loss and the amount of friction loss and pressure regulation loss in multiple injection systems are also mentioned. In this discussion the above mentioned method of hydraulic head calculation plays an important role.