Abstract
There are some cases of biliary stones difficult to treat with conventional therapy. Nd-YAG laser is suitable modality for those cases. For non-contact method, intensity of YAG laser needs up to 70W, while only 15W for contact method. Bullet shaped ceramic head is effective for contact method. Laser fragmentation of biliary calculi is somewhat invasive because of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage or endoscopic papillotomy is needed before the laser treatment. but direct and reliable way to treat biliary stones. Advantages and problems of laser treatment for biliary stone are discussed in this paper.
