Transcription factor Mkx for tendon development and regeneration

Abstract

The molecular mechanisms of tendon development and healing are not well understood yet. We generated Mohawk (Mkx)(-/-) rats by using CRISPR/Cas9. The Mkx(-/-) rats showed not systemic hypoplasia of tendons. In addition, we observed earlier heterotopic ossification of the Achilles tendon in Mkx(-/-) rats. Mechanical stimulation on tenocytes increased tenogenic-related genes expressions, such as collagen type (Col)1a1 and Col3a1, and reduced chondrogenic differentiation-related genes expressions, such as SRY-box (Sox)5, Sox6, and Sox9, via Mkx. This molecular network via Mkx would be a basis for tendon physiology and tissue engineering.