We investigated surface potential with electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) to analyze the relationship between surface potential and chemical mechanical planarization (CMP). We have succeeded to detect the non-visual defects (NVD) such as organic (surfactant) and complex residues (Cu-BTA) Scratches and polishing non-uniformity those were not detected in topographic image were also cleary seen in surface potential images EFM metrology is markedly useful for evaluating the relationship between surface potential and defect generation during CMP.