リスク解析モデルを用いた換気制御と水噴霧放水の運用評価のための3次元火災シミュレータFDSの検証

抄録

Recently increasing number of road tunnels in the world install water spray device, but its operation at tunnel fires has not been discussed enough in details. Among safety facilities emergency ventilation and water spray are the most critical devices effective usage of which tunnel safety relies on. The authors are evaluating quantitatively various operation procedures of ventilation control and water spray device under the multiple fire scales and different traffic patterns at road tunnel fires using Fire Dynamics Simulator (“FDS”)⁽¹⁾ developed in the US and the Austrian risk analysis model TuRisMo⁽²⁾ widely used in Europe. This paper applies FDS to simulate the operation of ventilation control and water spray device at road tunnel fires, and presents validation studies of FDS by comparing the environmental variables critical in evacuation such as smoke propagation measured at an actual tunnel fire test conducted in the past with those obtained in the FDS simulation. The study has validated the FDS simulation by generating the heat release rate curve of the pan fire, tuning the cell size and setting the water droplet parameters at the ones best estimated from the experimental data.