抄録
The fluid flow and heat transfer of the natural convection in a horizontal water layer, with heated from below and cooled from above, using water as the working fluid, were investigated experimentally. An experiment was performed for the Rayleigh number (Ra) in the range of 10^8 up to 10^<11>. The average Nusselt number was in good agreement with Globe's result. The thermal convection field in the horizontal water layer was visualized by fluorescent styrene particles and liquid crystal particles. The two-dimensional convection field was deformed to a complex structure with increasing Ra. At Ra>10^9, the three-dimensional vortex, which is new flow patterns appeared in high Rayleigh number region, was observed.
