抄録
Freezing or solidification is one of fundamental phenomena in the thermal engineering and is related to effective utilization of energy and material processing. Also, the freezing is applied to biological materials in the area of bioengineering. The applications of freezing of biological materials are cryopreservation and cryosurgery. They are, respectively, the preservation and destruction by the freezing. From the viewpoint of biothermal engineering, the following is mentioned : effects of freezing to biological materials, bio-heat and mass transfer during the freezing, causes of damages of biological materials, brief prospect of research in engineering aspects, etc. Fundamental research and breakthrough are expected for development of the freezing of biological materials.
