抄録
Urban metabolic system (UMS) is composed of three major subsystems. They are supply-side, demand-side and dispose-side. The development of UMS is reviewed. At first, just the supply-side was developed and caused the local environmental pollution issue. Then, the dispose-side was developed and solved it. The demand-side was just a consumer served by the other two throughout. Nowadays this system is the cause of the global warming issue. The dispose-side which was the expert on environmental problems is useless for it. We must establish sustainable UMS in which the demand-side is the key subsystem. As an example the measures against urban heat island issue as a defect of urban thermal metabolic system are discussed.
