2023 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 255-258
Synucleinopathy is known as an entity of neurodegenerative disorders due to aggregation of alpha–synuclein. The disorders include Parkinson disease, Lewy body dementia, and multiple system atrophy. Synucleinopathy showed movement disorders with several non–motor symptoms, such as dementia, sleep disorders, psychiatric problems, and autonomic nerves system disturbance. These symptoms are usually associated with a low quality of life in patients with synucleinopathy. Therefore, precise diagnosis and disease–modifying therapy for synucleinopathy should be needed. However, the diagnosis of synucleinopathy is challenging because of based on clinical findings. Furthermore, the judgment of the therapeutical effect is based on motor functions, which will be restricted and ambiguous clinical markers for assessment. In this context, precise diagnostic biomarkers, biomarkers associated with disease progression, and biomarkers reflecting neuropathological mechanisms should be needed. Recently, several reports described detecting a small amount of alpha–synuclein oligomers from CSF, blood, skin, salivary gland, and gut. These markers might be useful for diagnostic biomarkers. Furthermore, neuroimaging, including advanced diffusion MRI and synuclein PET, has been developed. These imaging technologies will be useful biomarkers for the management of synucleinopathy. In this review, we introduce the new biomarkers of synucleinopathy.
