歯槽内歯根膜の掻爬がサル自家歯牙移植歯の治癒に及ぼす影響

抄録

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontal ligament in alveolar socket upon autotransplantation in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Mandibular central incisors and maxillary lateral incisors were extracted with forceps and a rotating movement. Immediately after extraction, all the teeth were put in saline solution for storage.
Group 1: Incisors were replanted.(control)
Group 2: Before right incisors were transplanted to left socket, periodontal ligament in left socket was curetted with hand instrument.
Group 3: Left incisors were transplanted to the right socket with periodontal ligament.
In each group, splinting after transplntation and replantation were done with suture thread only, and the animals were kept on a standard solid diet with fruit. At postoperative intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks, the monkeys were sacrificed. The transplantation teeth and the tissue around transplanted teeth were evaluated histlogically.
Group 1(replantation)
At one week, the separation line in periodontal ligament was recognizable and generally positioned at the midpoint of the periodontal ligament. After 4 weeks, periodontal fibers extending from the cemental surface to the alveolar surface were generally seen and fiber bundles were oriented to support the tooth.
Group 2 (curettage of periodontal ligament in alveolar socket)
At one week, the cemental area in the periodontal space had periodontal fibers and the alveolar area had numerous fibroblasts. After 16 weeks, periodontal fibers extending from the cemental surface to the alveolar surface were generally seen and fiber bundles were oriented to support the tooth.
Group 3 (no treated periodontal ligament in alveolar socket)
At one week, the separation line of the periodontal ligament was recognizable and generally positioned at the midpoint of the periodontal ligameat. In this area, numerous fibroblasts were seen. After 4 weeks, periodontal fibers extending from the cemental surface to the alveolar surface were generally seen and fiber bundles were oriented to support the tooth. The healing process of this group was similar to that of replantation, Group 1.
In all periods, the width of the periodontal space in Group 3 was wider than that in Group 2, and the number of epithelial rest of Malassez in Group 2 was significantly lower than in Group 3. These results suggested that epithelial rest Malassez in periodontal membrane plays a role in maintaining the width of the periodontal space.
It was concluded that periodontal ligament in alveolar socket improved periodontal healing after transplantation.