骨増生に向けた顎骨骨髄液採取と間質細胞培養法

抄録

In many cases of dental implant surgery, especially extensive bone defects, alveolar ridge augmentation is necessary. Iliac bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells have recently been used for various tissue regeneration therapies. However, these stem cells do not seem a good source for alveolar bone augmentation. Mesenchymal stromal cells that have osteogenetic activity and have the potential to be harvested from alveolar bone marrow might be a candidate source for regenerating alveolar bone, even though dentists have not harvested the cells outside of the mouth. However, very little bone marrow aspirates from alveolar bone, and the method for achieving stable bone marrow aspiration and culture technique are not well established. Furthermore, the characteristics of cells cultured from bone marrow vary greatly among subjects or collection site. Accordingly, the authors report a very low-invasive method to aspirate alveolar bone marrow during implant surgery without any additional invasion. The authors cultured marrow stromal cells from two independent cases and analyzed cell surface antigen and calcification ability in vitro and osteogenetic activity in vivo. The authors successfully cultured 1.6-6.3×10¹¹ cells for 73-77 days of culture from a small amount of marrow aspirates. The Hounsfield unit of each bone marrow aspirate site, the calcification speed of the stromal cells in vitro , and HLADR antigen expression of the cells were different. However, both stromal cells formed new bone on mouse parietal bone.