抄録
Experimental models of mandibular infection were inoculated with two species of Streptococcus milleri NCTC 7331 and Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 using NZW rabbits according to the Satoh-Heimdahl method, and the influences of the antibiotics frequently used in dentistry on chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were examined in vitro.
The chemotaxis were checked before and 3, 7 and 21 days, and 8 and 12 weeks after inoculation. The antibiotics used in this study were cefaclor (CCL) and cefteram (CFTM) as cephem antibiotics, erythromycin (EM) and clarithromycin (CAM) as macrolide antibiotics, and tosufloxacin (TFLX) and sparfloxacin (SPFX) as new quinolones, each of which was adjusted to the concentrations of 1, 10, and 100μg/ml for the experiments. PMN chemotaxis was induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP) with a 96-well chemotaxis chamber. A micro-plate reader was used for quantitative measurements of chemotactic cells.
The results were as follows:
1) The chemotaxis of the PMN of infection models began to increase after inoculation and reached its maximum on day 3. Chemotaxis was still higher at week 12 as compared with its level before inoculation.
2) CCL and CFTM of cephems had no influence on the chemotaxis of PMN at any time during the experiments including preinoculation at any of the concentrations.
3) EM and CAM did not affect the chemotaxis of PMN at any time during the experiments at 1μg/ml. However, there were some inhibitions of chemotaxis at 10μg/ml, and further inhibitions were observed at 100μg/ml.
4) As new quinolones, TFLX and SPFX had no influence on the chemotaxis of PMN at any time during the experiments including pre-inoculation at 1μg/ml, whereas there were increases in chemotaxis at 10 μg/ml and inhibitions at 100 μg/ml.
