Comparison of menstrual symptoms, menstrual attitude, and health literacy of menstruation in college students and student-athletes

Abstract

【Purpose】This study aimed to compare menstrual symptoms, attitudes, and health literacy among college students and student-athletes. 【Method】Participants included 51 college students and 37 college student-athletes. 【Results】College students exhibited more menstrual symptoms premenstrually and during menstruation than student-athletes (Premenstrual : pain factor (p=0.023), concentration factor (p=0.019), and behavior change factor (p=0.026). During menstruation : pain factor (p=0.000), concentration factor (p=0.005), behavior change factor (p=0.004), and negative emotion factor (p=0.034)). In terms of menstrual attitude, significant differences were observed in natural positive imagery (p=0.003). Health literacy of menstruation did not significantly differ, but more college students obtained information from Social Networking Service (SNS) (p=0.002). 【Discussion】Physical activity level significantly influenced both groups, suggesting that it may improve through the release of β-endorphins and reduce depressive antipathy to pain, alleviating both physical and psychological menstrual symptoms in athletic college students. The presence and severity of menstrual cycle symptoms can also affect natural positive imagery. Regarding health literacy, college students who obtained information from SNS were believed to do so because of the severity of their menstrual symptoms.