【Aim】This study focused on contents in mental health in mothers with the aim of clarifying how anxiety and a depressive state are related to the development of the mother’s caregiving system. 【Method】An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was given to 200 mothers at 1-2 months postpartum. The questionnaire covered attributes, the abbreviated version of the Attachment-Caregiving Balance Scale (6 factors) to assess mental health, state anxiety, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Covariance structure analysis was then carried out. 【Results】Analysis was conducted on 120 respondents.“Sensitivity-caregiving (concern and understanding toward child) ”in the Attachment-Caregiving Balance Scale was significantly higher for multiparas, but there was no significant difference between primiparas and multiparas in other factors, state anxiety, or EPDS scores. Covariance structure analysis did not show a significant path to attachment-caregiving from state anxiety. No significant path was shown to either attachment or caregiving from the EPDS, but there was a significant path to EPDS from attachment. 【Conclusion】The state anxiety of mothers at 1-2 months postpartum significantly heightened attachment and lowered caregiving. No direct relationship to attachment-caregiving from the EPDS existed, suggesting that addressing maternal attachment is useful in preventing postpartum depression.

The purposes of this study are to clarify the treatment selection process leading to decision-making for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) patients, considering whether to terminate treatment at X Hospital or consider other options, and to get suggestions about providing information and support to them. Subjects were 8 POI patients in X Hospital between January 2020 and March 2023 who received the infertility treatment with estrogen replacement therapy. Using the patient’s medical record, we collected information on the patient’s background, treatment progress, thoughts and actions leading up to treatment selection, interventions by supporters, treatment outcomes, etc. As a result, the treatment selection process for POI patients had three turning points and consisted of four stages : diagnosis, progress toward treatment, treatment failure and continuing treatment, and conflict with choices and acceptance. When patients were begun to doubt whether or not to complete the treatment after repeated treatments, the doctor proposed to set a due date, it was an important intervention. Husbands were key persons in the final treatment decision. During treatment, it was considered important interventions for doctors to actively provide information not only to patients but also to their husbands, and to discuss regularly about the treatment and to request counseling from a psychologist.

【Purpose】This study aimed to compare menstrual symptoms, attitudes, and health literacy among college students and student-athletes. 【Method】Participants included 51 college students and 37 college student-athletes. 【Results】College students exhibited more menstrual symptoms premenstrually and during menstruation than student-athletes (Premenstrual : pain factor (p=0.023), concentration factor (p=0.019), and behavior change factor (p=0.026). During menstruation : pain factor (p=0.000), concentration factor (p=0.005), behavior change factor (p=0.004), and negative emotion factor (p=0.034)). In terms of menstrual attitude, significant differences were observed in natural positive imagery (p=0.003). Health literacy of menstruation did not significantly differ, but more college students obtained information from Social Networking Service (SNS) (p=0.002). 【Discussion】Physical activity level significantly influenced both groups, suggesting that it may improve through the release of β-endorphins and reduce depressive antipathy to pain, alleviating both physical and psychological menstrual symptoms in athletic college students. The presence and severity of menstrual cycle symptoms can also affect natural positive imagery. Regarding health literacy, college students who obtained information from SNS were believed to do so because of the severity of their menstrual symptoms.

Underweight has a variety of adverse physical and mental health effects, as well as a high risk of various diseases. In the present study, we conducted a literature review with the aim of extracting characteristics related to dietary habits and health and nutrition literacy of young thin women in Japan. We searched Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Ichushi, Japanese literature) and PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS (English literature) for peer-reviewed articles published up to May 16, 2022, and finally adopted 48 articles in Japanese and 69 articles in English. The results of all the papers were classified by geographical category, even when limited in English literature, 25 articles (32.9%) were from East Asia, of which 10 articles were from Japan and 9 articles from South Korea. The results of the scoping review showed that in East Asia, including Japan, body image was the most frequently reported factor for thinness, meanwhile environmental factors were most frequently reported in the other countries. Thinness is a problem in East Asia, especially in Japan and South Korea, suggesting that thinness in these countries may be due to body image, which is not included in the three components of health.