【Purpose】This study examined women’s physiological heat dissipation and sleep characteristics and the effects of physical exercise on heat dissipation, nocturnal sleep structure, and subjective evaluation in women in the follicular phase (FP) and luteal phase (LP). 【Method】Twelve young-adult female subjects participated in the experiment for a total of four days：1) FP-non-exercise, 2) FP-exercise, 3) LP-non-exercise, and 4) LP-exercise condition. Exercise consisted of 40 minutes of resistance training (RT) at 70% intensity of maximum repetitions during the day. Electroencephalogram (EEG), skin-temperature, and core-body-temperature were measured simultaneously at the subject’s home at night, and DPG (distal-proximal skin temperature gradient) was calculated. 【Results】In both FP and LP, RT promoted heat release and stage N3 sleep increased during nocturnal sleep, especially in LP. Furthermore, in the distribution of the duration of deep sleep, we observed the persistence of stage N3 sleep from mid-to-late sleep especially in LP-exercise condition and heat dissipation responses was also enhanced in LP-exercise condition compared to the non-exercise conditions. 【Discussion】RT enhances not only increase of deep sleep in the FP of women, but also promotes heat dissipation and deep sleep at night in the LP, when the body temperature is high and the body temperature rhythm is not well balanced.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the characteristics of females who experience premenstrual syndrome as a trigger for drug use. In 2017, the Research and Training Institute Ministry of Justice surveyed amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) users incarcerated in penal institutions nationwide. Herein, we conducted a secondary analysis in which females who experienced any of the four symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (discomfort, fatigue, appetite regulation, and sleep disturbances) as triggers for drug use were defined as the “applicable group” (n=94), while those who did not were defined as the “control group” (n=88). Differences between the two groups were examined by considering items related to perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of drug and ATS use. The applicable group started using ATS at a younger age, used ATS more days per month on average, and had higher scores on the Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (which assesses the severity of drug issues) than the control group. These findings suggest that the applicable group may experience more serious drug problems and require more treatment than the control group. Considering items answered by the applicable group as beneficial, ATS use could have relieved symptoms frequently associated with premenstrual syndrome in the applicable group.