2018 Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 13-22
Acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) is frequently encountered in pediatric care. Because the etiologies of AUFI are various and the clinical presentations are similar among them, the differential diagnosis is difficult. Urinary tract infection is one cause of AUFI and the most common bacterial infection in children, especially those under 2 years of age. The diagnosis is very important as it may be a marker for vesicoureteral reflux and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Moreover urinary tract infections are sometimes associated with life-threating sepsis. However the precise diagnosis is often difficult, because signs and symptoms are non-specific. In this section, I describe the imaging approach to urinary tract infections to achieve better diagnosis and treatment.
