伝統社会の構造と変動

アジアの中の日本

抄録

China and India have formed two great culture area in Asia. Near locatedness to China, Japan belongs to Chinese culture area.
A hundred years ago, all three countries were at the stage of agricultural societies. But now, Japan became one of the richest nations of the capitalist system, but China and India remained pre-industrial nation. What has made Japan most prosperous nation? In order to answer this question, the author re-examine some studies on Asian society by W. Hegel, K. Marx, M. Weber and K.A. Wittfogel. Among these studies most useful for explanation of contemporary Asian society is M. Weber's. And from his works the author takes up some clues. Of these three countries, Japan only had a feudal system similiar to that of Europe's. Though it is necessary to study various characteristics between Japanese and European feudalism. For example, the city differed definitely.
Post-war China has experienced a Communist revolution. So the author thinks it necessary to re-examine Chinese culture area.The author reads “Konfuzianismus und Taoismus” by M. Weber, and tries to compare the Japanese dozoku with the Chinese clan. The author has reached the conclusion that the Japanese family system was far more modernized and made Japanese nation's loyalty from their family system toward nationalism.
The author also scrutinized studies on Chinese villages made by Tadashi Fukutake and Mao Tse Tung. This paper is the preliminary trial for comparative studies, and a few of important problems, for example, what has changed in the chinese villages after the communist revolution, have remained untouched.